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Euphorbia hirta  L.

   

Botanical Name

:

Euphorbia hirta L.

English Name

:

Euphorbia. Australian Asthma Weed. Snake Weed and Cat's Hair

Synonym(s)

:

Euphorbia pilulifera (L.), Chamaesyce hirta ((L.)Millsp.)

Family

:

Euphorbiaceae

 

General Info

Description

An erect or procumbent annual herb 15 to 50 cm high. Leaves opposite, obliquely elliptic, apex acute, base unequal sided, margins serrulate; petioles distinct. Flowers numerous, crowded in small, globose, greenish-yellow axillary cymes; gland minute, globose. Fruit capsules, minute, trigonous appressed hairy. Seeds angular, light reddish-brown. Flowers and fruits throughout the year.

Herb Effects

Antiprotozoal, anticancer, lowers blood sugar, alleviates spasms, stimulates the cardiovascular system, arrests bleeding, reduces fever, soothes the skin and mucous membranes, mild laxative, sedative, relieves pain, cyanogenetic, diuretic.

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Chemistry

Active Ingredients

Alpha-amyrin, ascorbic acid, beta-amyrin, beta-sitosterol, betulin, caffeic acid, choline, cycloartenol, ellagic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid, kaempferol, linolenic acids, p-coumaric acid, quercetin, rhamnetin, shikimic acid, tannic acid and traces of an essential oil.

Chemistry of Active Ingredients
Product Categories

Name

CAS#

IUPAC Name

Formula

Structure

Product Categories
alpha-Amyrin 638-95-9 4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,1
4b-octamethyl-2,3,4a
,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,
12a,14,14a -tetrade
cahydro-1H-picen-3-o
l
C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Ascorbic acid Not Available 2-(1,2-dihydroxyethy
l)-4,5-dihydroxy-fur
an-3-one
C6H8O6 Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Amyrin 559-70-6 4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,1
4b-octamethyl-1,2,3,
4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,1
2a,14,14a- tetradec
ahydropicen-3-ol
C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
beta-Sitosterol 5779-62-4 17-(5-ethyl-6-methyl
-heptan-2-yl)-10,13-
dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9
,11,12,14, 15,16,17
-dodecahydro-1H-cycl
openta[a]phenanthren
-3-ol
C29H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Betulin Not Available Not Available C30H50O2 Click Here To Enlarge
Caffeic acid Not Available 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)prop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Choline 67-48-1 2-hydroxyethyl-trime
thyl-ammonium
C5H14NO+ Click Here To Enlarge
Cycloartenol Not Available Not Available C30H50O Click Here To Enlarge
Ellagic acid Not Available Not Available C14H6O8 Click Here To Enlarge
Ferulic acid 24276-84-4 3-(4-hydroxy-3-metho
xy-phenyl)prop-2-eno
ic acid
C10H10O4 Click Here To Enlarge
Gallic acid 149-91-7 3,4,5-trihydroxybenz
oic acid
C7H6O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Kaempferol 80714-53-0 3-[3-[4,5-dihydroxy-
6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-
[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-
(hydroxyme thyl)oxa
n-2-yl]oxy-oxan-2-yl
]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6
-(hydroxymethyl)oxan
-2 -yl]oxy-4,5-dihy
droxy-2-(4-hydroxyph
enyl)-chromen-7-one
C33H40O21 Click Here To Enlarge
Linolenic acid 94138-91-7 octadeca-9,12,15-tri
enoic acid
C18H30O2 Click Here To Enlarge
p-Coumaric acid 501-98-4 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)p
rop-2-enoic acid
C9H8O3 Click Here To Enlarge
Quercetin Not Available 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy
-chromen-7-one
C15H10O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Rhamnetin 90-19-7 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphen
yl)-3,4-dihydroxy-7-
methoxy-chromen-5-on
e
C16H12O7 Click Here To Enlarge
Shikimic acid 138-59-0 3,4,5-trihydroxycycl
ohexene-1-carboxylic
acid
C7H10O5 Click Here To Enlarge
Tannic acid 1401-55-4 Not Available Not Available Click Here To Enlarge

Pharmacology

Medicinal Use

In dysentery (latex), asthma, bronchitis, bruises, catarrh, colic, conjunctivitis, cough, as a depurifying agent, dermatosis, rashes, abnormal growths, fever, flu, fractures (veterinary), gonorrhea, headache, hypertension, indigestion, itching and measles.

Reference

Chandel et al., Biodiversity in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants in India.


Uniyal et al., Medicinal Flora of Garhwal Himalayas.

Grieve M. A Modern Herbal (1931) (www.botanical.com).

Johnson T. CRC Ethnobotany Desk Reference (www.herbweb.com/herbage).

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